Unveiling the Truth: Geranium vs Hardy Geranium – Which Reigns Supreme?

The world of gardening is full of fascinating plants, each with its unique characteristics and charm. Among these, geraniums hold a special place, gracing gardens and window boxes with their vibrant colors and long blooming season. But when you delve deeper, you encounter a curious distinction: the “true” geranium, often referred to as hardy geranium, and the popular geranium, known as zonal geranium. This blog post aims to shed light on the differences between these two plant groups, helping you choose the perfect geranium for your garden.

Understanding the Botanical Names

The confusion surrounding geraniums arises from their scientific classification. The term “geranium” is often used interchangeably for both hardy and zonal geraniums, leading to misunderstandings.

Hardy geraniums belong to the genus **Geranium**, while **zonal geraniums** actually belong to the genus **Pelargonium**. This botanical distinction is crucial because it highlights their different origins, growth habits, and care requirements.

Hardy Geraniums: The True Geranium

Hardy geraniums, scientifically known as Geranium, are native to temperate regions of the world, including Europe, Asia, and North America. These plants are prized for their **hardiness**, as they can withstand cold winters and thrive in a wide range of climates.

Characteristics of Hardy Geraniums:

• Hardiness: They are perennial plants, meaning they come back year after year, surviving even harsh winters.
• Growth Habit: Hardy geraniums typically grow as low-lying, spreading plants, forming dense mats of foliage.
• Foliage: Their leaves are often deeply lobed, adding texture and visual interest to the garden.
• Flowers: Hardy geraniums produce delicate, saucer-shaped flowers in shades of pink, purple, blue, white, and even red.
• Blooming Season: They bloom for a long period, typically from late spring to early autumn.

Zonal Geraniums: The Popular Choice

Zonal geraniums, belonging to the genus Pelargonium, are native to South Africa. They are the popular geraniums often seen in window boxes, hanging baskets, and containers.

Characteristics of Zonal Geraniums:

• Tenderness: Zonal geraniums are not hardy and are typically grown as annuals in temperate climates. They cannot withstand freezing temperatures.
• Growth Habit: They are upright, bushy plants, often reaching heights of 1-2 feet.
• Foliage: Their leaves are typically round, with a distinctive “zone” of darker color around the center.
• Flowers: Zonal geraniums produce showy, trumpet-shaped flowers in a wide range of colors, including red, pink, white, and orange.
• Blooming Season: They bloom prolifically throughout the summer months.

Comparing Hardy and Zonal Geraniums: A Side-by-Side Look

Choosing the Right Geranium for Your Garden

The choice between hardy and zonal geraniums ultimately depends on your gardening preferences and climate.

• Hardy geraniums are ideal for **ground cover**, **borders**, and **rock gardens**, where their low-lying habit and hardiness are appreciated. They require minimal care and can thrive in a variety of conditions.

• Zonal geraniums are perfect for **containers**, **hanging baskets**, and **window boxes**, where their vibrant blooms and upright growth habit add a splash of color. They require more attention, including regular watering and fertilization.

Beyond the Basics: Exploring Unique Geranium Varieties

Both hardy and zonal geraniums offer a wide range of varieties, each with its unique characteristics.

• Hardy geranium varieties include:
• Geranium ‘Rozanne’: Known for its long blooming season and vibrant blue flowers.
• Geranium ‘Johnson’s Blue’: A classic choice with deep blue flowers and attractive foliage.
• Geranium ‘Brookside’: A compact variety with bright pink flowers.

• Zonal geranium varieties include:
• Pelargonium ‘Red Pandora’: A vigorous variety with large, double red flowers.
• Pelargonium ‘Appleblossom’: Features delicate, pink flowers with a unique apple blossom fragrance.
• Pelargonium ‘Caliente’: A heat-tolerant variety with vibrant scarlet flowers.

The Final Bloom: A Lasting Impression

Understanding the differences between hardy and zonal geraniums empowers you to make informed choices about which type best suits your garden. Whether you seek the hardiness and low-maintenance appeal of hardy geraniums or the vibrant blooms and versatility of zonal geraniums, both plant groups offer a delightful array of options to enhance your garden’s beauty.

Quick Answers to Your FAQs

Q: Can I grow zonal geraniums as perennials?

A: While zonal geraniums are typically grown as annuals in temperate climates, you can overwinter them indoors in a cool, bright location. However, they may not bloom as profusely the following year.

Q: Are hardy geraniums truly hardy?

A: Yes, hardy geraniums are generally hardy to USDA zones 4-8, meaning they can withstand cold winters. However, some varieties may require winter protection in colder climates.

Q: What are the best ways to propagate geraniums?

A: Both hardy and zonal geraniums can be propagated easily by taking cuttings. Simply snip a stem with a few leaves, remove the lower leaves, and place it in a pot with potting mix.

Q: How often should I water my geraniums?

A: Water your geraniums regularly, keeping the soil moist but not soggy. Let the top inch of soil dry out before watering again.

Q: What pests and diseases should I watch out for?

A: Geraniums can be susceptible to pests like aphids, whiteflies, and spider mites. Diseases like powdery mildew and leaf spot can also affect them. Monitor your plants regularly and take appropriate action if you notice any problems.